Diaphragmatic hernia (DH) is defined as the protrusion of abdominal content into the thoracic cavity through a defect in the diaphragm [1,2]. It is an uncommon pathology and its symptomatology varies from asymptomatic to life-threatening. DH can be classified into two groups: congenital and acquired. ...
A 45-year-old male patient was admitted to hospital for a reported episode of tachycardia and chest pain followed by loss of consciousness. History of COPD in active smoking, drug abuse. Upon admission, a brain CT scan was performed resulting negative and a chest x-ray showed the presence of bilateral basal micronodules, for which a chest CT scan with contrast medium was performed. ...
The high prevalence of psoriasis creates a significant barrier for the global healthcare system, affecting nearly 7.4 million US adults with direct treatment costs accumulating to over $12 billion annually [1]. Biologic drugs have become a major component of psoriasis management, with anti-TNF inhibitors. ...
IgG4-Related Disease (IgG4-RD) is a multiorgan, immune-mediated, fibro-inflammatory disease of unknown etiology that has integrated a spectrum of conditions previously not recognized as related to each other or any systemic disease. It has an estimated prevalence of 4.6 per 100,000, however, the exact prevalence of IgG4-RD is difficult to estimate since there have been few published studies, and these studies used different criteria for diagnosis, tended to enroll small groups of patients with heterogeneous pathology, and had uncertain generalizability [1,2]. ...
KRAS gene has frequent mutations in tumors [1]. About 30% of cancer cases and almost 50% of metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) cases have this mutation. CRC ranks third in global cancer-related mortality [2]. Around 50% of patients have or acquire metastatic disease, predominantly impacting the liver, lungs, lymph nodes, and peritoneum. ...
Adnexal torsion involves turning the adnexa around its axis [1]. In most cases, both structures (ovary and fallopian tube) rotate around the axis between the infundibulopelvic ligament and the utero-ovarian ligament. Rarely, the ovary can turn itself around the mesoovary, and the fallopian tube around the mesosalpinx. ...
A tuberculous psoas abscess usually results from tuberculous spondylitis but may develop without any demonstrable spinal involvement. In patients with no evidence of spondylitis, this can be attributed to direct spread from an adjacent organ or via a hematogenous route [8]. Thoracic extension of abdominal infections is rare and mechanisms are poorly understood, but several routes have been proposed such as direct erosion or through a congenital diaphragmatic defect [5]. ...
Yemen is among the most underdeveloped countries in the Middle East with poor socio-economic indicators and little prospect of achieving any of the Millennium Development Goals with nearly 2.3 million children less than five of age with acute malnutrition in 2021 [1,2]. The nutrition status in Yemen is greater than the emergency thresholds with 58.2% stunting, 41.3 % underweight and 14.3% wasting [3]. ...
Phyllodes tumors (PTs) are rare fibroepithelial breast tumors, which account for less than 1% of all breast neoplasms, and typically develop in women aged 40-50 Years [2,3]. This is about 15-20 Years later than the typical presentation of breast fibroadenomas, although it can still be difficult to differentiate these two entities [2]. ...
The intricate nexus between infectious diseases and the immune system has, over an extended period, commanded the persistent attention of both researchers and clinicians. It is pertinent to underscore that the simultaneous presence of anemia, tuberculosis, and Candida albicans infection within individuals engenders thought-provoking inquiries regarding the repercussions of this convergence on immune functionality. ...
Clostridium species are spore-forming anaerobic gram-positive rod bacteria, that are considered important constituents of the human microbiome, but also important agents in invasive infections, including bacteremia. Clostridial bacteremia is the second most frequent anaerobic bacteremia, ranging from 0.12-2% of all blood culture isolates [1-5]. ...
Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are a type of mesenchymal tumor that originates from the interstitial cells of Cajal (ICCs), located within the muscular layer of the gastrointestinal tract (GI) [1]. GISTs are rare, constituting less than 1% of all gastrointestinal neoplasms. The stomach is the most common site of GISTs, accounting for 60% to 70% of all GIST tumors within the gastrointestinal tract. ...
Cholelithiasis stands as one of the most prevalent surgical conditions, capable of a wide range of symptoms and complications, including acute cholecystitis, pancreatitis, choledocholithiasis, and cholangitis [1]. In more uncommon instances, it can evolve into a complex scenario known as gallstone ileus (GI). ...
Malaria is a serious disease which is endemic to sub-Saharan Africa. It is responsible for about half a million deaths annually in the region [1]. Children under the age of 5 years are the most vulnerable and account for about 67% of all the malaria deaths that occurred globally in 2019 [2]. The impact is such that in 2018, the child mortality rate in Nigeria stood at 25% [3]. ...
Breast Cancer (BC) is nowadays the most frequently diagnosed cancer worldwide. The most recent data estimate that there were over 2 million incident BC cases in 2020 and that BC is the leading cause of cancer mortality in females all over the world [1]. At the moment of initial diagnosis, almost 60% of the patient have lymph or distant organ metastases, and about 30 to 80% will develop metastatic disease following treatment (surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and/or hormonotherapy) [2]. ...
A 61-year-old man with multiple comorbidities was hospitalized following urosepsis. Broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy was initiated. Blood testing on admission revealed high levels of lactate dehydrogenase and beta-2 microglobulin, along with an important neutrophilic leukocytosis (25,310/μL) that persisted over its hospitalization. ...
External rectal prolapse is the protrusion of the rectum through the anal canal. This condition can be corrected only by surgery. It is a rare condition mainly affecting the extremities of age; children are affected at the age of 3 yrs [1], below this age the condition can be managed conservatively but after this age children are candidates for surgery. The condition equally affects males and females. ...
Multiple Myeloma (MM) is a malignant plasma cell disease that ranks the second most common hematological tumor in the world, which is mainly characterized by abnormal amplification of malignant plasma cells in the bone marrow, resulted in excessive production of monoclonal immunoglobulins in blood and urine impaired renal function, anemia, osteolytic bone lesions, and repeated infections in patients [1-3]. ...
Epidermal nevus syndrome is a general term for a group of disorders distinguished by the type of associated epidermal nevus either organoid, referring to sebaceous glands and hair follicles, or keratinocytic, referring to the epidermis. The appearance of the epidermal nevi varies according to the type of tissue that is overgrown. ...
Pre-Eclampsia (PE), is a clinical syndrome that occurs after 20 weeks of gestation which eventually leads to maternal hypertension, proteinuria and other multi-system organ dysfunction due to placental and maternal disease [1]. Pre-eclampsia is a common cause of intrauterine growth restriction, fetal malformation and maternal death. It is estimated that 2-8% of pregnancies in the world are complicated by pre-eclampsia [2]. ...
Peer review is an essential process in any publications refereeing a mutual process that allows evaluating manuscripts submitted to a journal and commented upon by independent research experts within the similar field of research...
Open Access is the free of charge, instant, online availability of research articles, together with the rights to use these articles fully in the digital milieu. It provides unrestricted use and reuse...
Plagiarism is a part of Journalistic ethic where it is considered to be a crime. The act of taking content, writing, statement or an idea that is already published is known as plagiarism. Whenever you consider using any paraphrase, sum up, or take terms, phrases, sentences or statements...