Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI), including targeting cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein-4 (CTLA-4) and programmed death-1/ligand (PD-1/PD-L1), have become a new standard of care in several cancers. Anti-PD-1 agent ...
Soft tissue sarcomas (STS) are rare malignancies of mesenchymal origin with an incidence of 2.4/10 million to 5/10 million, accounting for approximately 1% of adult malignancies and 15% of children [3]. With distinct heterogeneity ...
Tuberculosis (TB) is one of top 10 causes of death due to communicable diseases worldwide. In 2019, there were 543.874 TB cases in Indonesia and 63.111 cases (11%) occurred in children 0-14 years old [1]. ...
Colchicine is a classic and powerful anti-inflammatory agent, which also has an antiproliferative effect by acting as a destabilizer of microtubule polymerization through tubulin-binding and, thus, suppressing cell division and leading ...
In the year 2020, there were a total of 2,206,771 cases of lung cancer and 1,796,144 associated worldwide [1]. It is the second most commonly diagnosed cancer in both females and males, with breast and prostate cancers respectively ...
Bipolar disorder (BD) is a very common mental illness affecting up to 4.9 million people in the United States and approximately 60 million people worldwide [1]. It is characterized by at least one episode of mania and symptoms of depression ...
Appendiceal mucinous neoplasms (AMNs) are a heterogeneous group of tumors with varying malignant potential, accounting for less than 1% of all cancers [1]. AMNs are classified as low-grade or high-grade dysplastic mucinous tumors ...
Methylphenidate hydrochloride (MPH) is a commonly prescribed medication for attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The most commonly experienced side-effects of MPH are insomnia, loss of appetite and weight loss, ...
Acoustic neuroma (AN) is a benign intracranial, extra-axial tumour commonly arises from the Schwann cell sheath of the eighth cranial nerve vestibular division. It is a slow-growing tumour that accounts for 80% of cerebellopontine ...
"Black esophagus" or acute esophageal necrosis is a rare clinical disorder, with an incidence of 0.01-0.28% of patients undergoing esophagogastroduodenoscopy [1,2]. It is defined endoscopically by a circumferential black-appearing ...
Presenting symptoms of moyamoya can include hemiplegia, sensation disturbances, aphasia, headache, vertigo, seizures and involuntary movements [2]. Associated risk factors include neurofibromatosis, down syndrome, thyroid disease, ...
A 37 year old factory maintenance worker reports to the ED with left wrist pain, swelling, and deformity. Prior to presentation, the patient was at work changing an industrial light fixture on a 15 foot scaffolding. While his left hand ...
Peer review is an essential process in any publications refereeing a mutual process that allows evaluating manuscripts submitted to a journal and commented upon by independent research experts within the similar field of research...
Open Access is the free of charge, instant, online availability of research articles, together with the rights to use these articles fully in the digital milieu. It provides unrestricted use and reuse...
Plagiarism is a part of Journalistic ethic where it is considered to be a crime. The act of taking content, writing, statement or an idea that is already published is known as plagiarism. Whenever you consider using any paraphrase, sum up, or take terms, phrases, sentences or statements...