The ectodermal dysplasia's (EDs) comprise a large, heterogeneous group of inherited disorders that are defined by primary defects in the development of hair, teeth and more tissues derived from the embryonic ectoderm...
The increased risk of euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis (euDKA) with sodium-glucose co transporter- 2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors is a post market warning that Food and Drug Administration (FDA) recently issued for patients with type 1 diabetes (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes (T2DM) using this new class of drugs...
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a rare tumor accounting for 3% of all malignancies in adults and 85% of primary renal tumors [1-3]. Metastasize sites are the lung (most common), bone, liver, brain, or adrenal glands...
Forestier disease or diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH) is a non-inflammatory disease leading to ossification and osteophyte formation in ligaments, tendons and fascia of the anterior spinal colum...
Breast carcinoma is the most common cancer diagnosis in women.Usual metastatic sites include lymph nodes, lung, liver, and bones. Rarely other sites, such as urinary bladder and retro peritoneum are involved...
Pulmonary neuroendocrine tumours (NETs) are categorized into typical and atypical carcinoids, large-cell neuroendocrine carcinomas, and small-cell carcinomas...
Localized scleroderma or morphea is a chronic connective tissue disease of unknown etiology [1]. The localized forms of scleroderma are more common in children...
Landmark based ilioinguinal and iliohypogastric (IIIH) nerve blocks has been performed since several years, however it carries a very high failure rate (around 10-25%)...
The 49,XXXXY syndrome, is a rare sex chromosomal aneuploidy with an incidence of 1 in 85,000 male births. 49,XXXXY syndrome, first reported in 1960, was considered a Klinefelter variant until 1998, when it was delineated as a distinct phenotype...
Breast cancer (BCa) is the most common malignancy in women and the second main cause of cancer-related deaths [1]. About 75% of all BCa metastases will occur within the first 5 years after diagnosis. This is particularly true for hormone receptor-negative disease...
First described by von Gierke in 1929, Glycogen Storage Disease Type I (GSDI) is an inherited, autosomal recessive metabolic disorder. It is caused by defects in the glucose-6-phosphatase (G6PC) system located in the liver and kidneys...
Giant colonic diverticulum (GCD) is an uncommon manifestation of colonic diverticular disease and currently there are less than 150 cases reported [1]. It was first described by Bonvin and Bonte 1946 [2] and later described in English literature 1953 by Hughes and Green that reported it as a case of “Solitary air cyst”...
The congenital long QT syndrome (LQTS) is a hereditary channelopathy of myocardial repolarization first described in 1975. More than 15 genetic types have been identified [1] however there are three main subtypes:...
The term ''Battered Child Syndrome'' was coined by Kempe et al [1] in early 1960s; since then it has been termed differently as battered baby syndrome, shaken baby syndrome, Caffey's syndrome, nonaccidental injuries of childhood, etc...
Fulminant myocarditis is characterized by hemodynamic instability due to left ventricular (LV) dysfunction, but can be cured with a good long-term prognosis when aggressive hemodynamic support is appropriately applied...
Angiolipomas are common subcutaneous benign lesions; in contrast, spinal angiolipoma is a specific and an uncommon clinicopathological entity. These benign tumors are composed of varying proportions of mature fat cells and abnormal capillary, sinusoidal, venous, or arterial vascular elements...
Takayasu's arteritis (TA) is a rare idiopathic granulomatous vasculitis involving large arteries. The most commonly affected arteries are the aorta, subclavian and common carotid arteries...
PE is a commonly encountered acute medical emergency. While most clinicians may feel competent to suspect PE in the right clinical setting, it could possibly be challenging at odd times...
Peer review is an essential process in any publications refereeing a mutual process that allows evaluating manuscripts submitted to a journal and commented upon by independent research experts within the similar field of research...
Open Access is the free of charge, instant, online availability of research articles, together with the rights to use these articles fully in the digital milieu. It provides unrestricted use and reuse...
Plagiarism is a part of Journalistic ethic where it is considered to be a crime. The act of taking content, writing, statement or an idea that is already published is known as plagiarism. Whenever you consider using any paraphrase, sum up, or take terms, phrases, sentences or statements...